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Class XI · Biology

Cell: The Unit of Life: NEET MCQ practice

599 practice questions on Cell: The Unit of Life, including 78 from past NEET papers, each with an explanation. Practise them chapter by chapter in the GyaanLoop app.

599

Practice questions

410

Easy

185

Medium

4

Hard

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What Cell: The Unit of Life covers

Topics in the NEET (UG) 2026–27 syllabus for this chapter.

  • Cell theory and cell as basic unit of life
  • Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell, plant and animal cell
  • Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall
  • Cell organelles- structure and function
  • Endomembrane system, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies
  • Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella; nucleus- nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus

Past NEET questions on Cell: The Unit of Life

Try each one, then open the answer and explanation.

Question 1 · NEET 2025

A specialized membranous structure in a prokaryotic cell which helps in cell wall formation, DNA replication and respiration is:

  1. A.Mesosome
  2. B.Chromatophores
  3. C.Cristae
  4. D.Endoplasmic Reticulum
Show answer

Answer: A. Mesosome

The description fits mesosomes, which are invaginations of the plasma membrane in prokaryotes involved in cell wall formation, DNA replication, and respiration.

Question 2 · NEET 2025

Which one of the following statements refers to Reductionist Biology?

  1. A.Physico-chemical approach to study and understand living organisms.
  2. B.Physiological approach to study and understand, living organisms.
  3. C.Chemical approach to study and understand living organisms.
  4. D.Behavioural approach to study and understand living organisms.
Show answer

Answer: A. Physico-chemical approach to study and understand living organisms.

Reductionism in biology means explaining life processes using principles of physics and chemistry. It involves reducing complex systems to simpler physical-chemical interactions.

Question 3 · NEET 2025

Match List-I with List-II. List-I List-II A. Centromere I. Mitochondrion B. Cilium II. Cell division C. Cristae III. Cell movement D. Cell membrane IV. Phospholipid Bilayer Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
  2. B.A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
  3. C.A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
  4. D.A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
Show answer

Answer: D. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

Centromere relates to chromosome attachment during cell division → II. Cilium is a motile structure for cell movement → III. Cristae are inner mitochondrial folds → I. Cell membrane's structure is phospholipid bilayer → IV. So correct pairing: A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV.

Question 4 · NEET 2025

Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A): The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to package the materials made by the endoplasmic reticulum and deliver it to intracellular targets and outside the cell. Reason (R): Vesicles containing materials made by the endoplasmic reticulum fuse with the cis face of the Golgi apparatus, and they are modified and released from the trans face of the Golgi apparatus. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. A.Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  2. B.Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
  3. C.A is true but R is false
  4. D.A is false but R is true
Show answer

Answer: A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

The Golgi apparatus indeed packages and modifies ER products, delivering them via vesicles. A is correct. R accurately describes vesicles fusing at cis face, modification, and release from trans face, which explains how the Golgi performs its primary function. Thus, R correctly explains A.

Question 5 · NEET 2025

From the statements given below choose the correct option: A. The eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S and prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S. B. Each ribosome has two sub-units. C. The two sub-units of 80S ribosome are 60S and 40S while that of 70S are 50S and 30S. D. The two sub-units of 80S ribosome are 60S and 20S and that of 70S are 50S and 20S. E. The two sub-units of 80S are 60S and 30S and that of 70S are 50S and 30S

  1. A.A, B, C are true
  2. B.A, B, D are true
  3. C.A, B, E are true
  4. D.B, D, E are true
Show answer

Answer: A. A, B, C are true

Standard facts: Eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S, prokaryotic are 70S (A correct). Each ribosome has two subunits (B correct). For 80S, subunits are 60S & 40S; for 70S, subunits are 50S & 30S (C correct). D and E mismatch subunit sizes.

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